Visibility & control

• Offset entries for privacy but maintain staff sightlines to wash zones.
• Lighting uniformity; eliminate shadow pockets.
• Cameras at approaches (per policy/law), not inside.

Hardware & behavior

• Anti‑ligature fixtures where required; tamper‑proof fasteners.
• Occupancy indicators; emergency release on full‑height partitions.
• Clear signage, multilingual where relevant.

Dual‑entry loop

Separate entry/exit doors reduce counter‑flow; place vanities central to shorten dwell.

Island wash with queuing lanes

Island basins and clear lanes reduce luggage bottlenecks; integrate stroller/ADA widths.

All‑gender suite

Private full‑height stalls around shared wash increase flexibility; confirm approvals.

Pop‑up pods

Temporary modular units for events or construction phases; connect to portable services.

Lavatories

• IR faucets with 0.35 GPM aerators; latency 150–300 ms; shut‑off ≈ 0.3 s.
• Thermostatic mixing (ASSE 1070); anti‑scald limits.
• Spout throw matched to basin; splash testing at commissioning.

Toilets & urinals

• WaterSense‑listed flush valves; pressure‑assist or high‑rated bowls.
• Hands‑free flush; isolation valves and access panels.
• Queue‑aware stall indicators reduce door rattle and disruptions.

Metering & analytics

• Sub‑meter handwash zones; log activations; anomaly alerts for leaks and runtimes.
• Use traffic counters to align housekeeping and staffing.

Surfaces

• Stainless, solid surface, or porcelain; coved bases; epoxy grout.
• Anti‑graffiti coatings on vulnerable panels.

Partitions & hardware

• Phenolic/compact laminate; anti‑tamper fasteners; out‑swing doors with indicators.
• Edge/impact guards in corridor pinch points.

Cleanability

• Minimize ledges; slope to drains; hose bibbs with backflow prevention.
• Chemistry compatibility matrix; color‑coded tools.

Ventilation

• Design per ASHRAE 62.1; typical exhaust 10–12 ACH; maintain negative pressure.
• Service access for fans & filters; odor capture near urinals.

Acoustics

• Ceiling NRC ≥ 0.70; isolate loud dryers or select low‑sone models.
• Door seals/sweeps; consider masking at entries if needed.

Lighting

• 50 fc at mirrors; CRI ≥ 90; IP‑rated luminaires in wet zones.
• Occupancy sensing; avoid glare and shadowing at vanities.

Serviceability

• Access panels to valves, controllers, traps.
• Standardize SKUs; stock critical spares; QR O&M sheets at chase.

Cleaning workflow

• One‑way cleaning routes; touchless bins; scheduling via traffic counters.
• Sub‑meter & log to tune delays/flows post‑occupancy.